A damage identification system of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) structures is investigated using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and back propagation (BP) neural network. FBG sensors are applied to construct the sensing network to detect the structural dynamic response signals generated by active actuation. The damage identification model is built based on the BP neural network. The dynamic signal characteristics extracted by the Fourier transform are the inputs, and the damage states are the outputs of the model. Besides, damages are simulated by placing lumped masses with different weights instead of inducing real damages, which is confirmed to be feasible by finite element analysis (FEA). At last, the damage identification system is verified on a CFRP plate with 300 mm × 300 mm experimental area, with the accurate identification of varied damage states. The system provides a practical way for CFRP structural damage identification.

声发射技术是结构损伤检测的重要手段, 声发射源定位是损伤检测的首要环节。时差定位技术具有快速、高效、精确的特点, 以此设计了由菱形阵列光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感器构成的声发射定位系统。采用小波变换和传统阈值法提取特征信号, 结合互相关法获得传感器间的信号到达时差, 然后根据几何定位模型求解非线性方程组得到声源可能存在的位置, 最后根据时差的正负特性进一步确定声源的准确位置, 有效避免了伪声源的情况。在铝合金板上, 以对角线为48 cm×48 cm的监测区域进行了10组测试实验验证, 平均误差为1.29 cm。

An in-line fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) based on the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HCPCF) for refractive index (RI) measurement is proposed in this paper. The FPI is formed by splicing both ends of a short section of the HCPCF to single mode fibers (SMFs) and cleaving the SMF pigtail to a proper length. The RI response of the sensor is analyzed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. The results show that the FPI sensor has linear response to external RI and good repeatability. The sensitivity calculated from the maximum fringe contrast is –136 dB/RIU. A new spectrum differential integration (SDI) method for signal processing is also presented in this study. In this method, the RI is obtained from the integrated intensity of the absolute difference between the interference spectrum and its smoothed spectrum. The results show that the sensitivity obtained from the integrated intensity is about –1.34×10⁵ dB/RIU. Compared with the maximum fringe contrast method, the new SDI method can provide the higher sensitivity, better linearity, improved reliability, and accuracy, and it’s also convenient for automatic and fast signal processing in real-time monitoring of RI.

提出一种在线型光纤法布里-珀罗折射率传感器。传感器由空芯光子晶体光纤两端熔接单模光纤而成。理论分析并实验验证了其折射率传感特性。结果表明, 干涉条纹对比度随溶液折射率的增加而减小, 与理论模拟一致。提出利用标准差解调方法对干涉谱进行分析, 标准差解调方法具有更好的线性度和准确性, 可靠性更高, 便于编程实现自动化、快速的数据分析和溶液折射率的实时检测。